This is still an incomplete list, but I wanted to post about the well known toxins to the meibomian glands and what I know to date.
Which Drops & Drugs That Destroy Meibomian Glands?
1. Accutane: this is well know to damage meibomian glands
2. Pilocarpine: used for glaucoma, study below (Reference 1) are concerned this drug damages meibomian gland cells.
3. Timolol: used for glaucoma, study below (Reference 1) are concerned this drug damages meibomian gland cells.
Which Drops & Drugs That Help Meibomian Glands?
1. Doxycycline
2. Omega 3
Which Drops/Drugs that Appear to Have "No Effect" on Meibomian Glands? (Reference 2) 1. cyclosporine A (CyA),
2. interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (IL-1RA; e.g., anakinra),
3. P2Y2 receptor agonists (e.g., uridine triphosphate; UTP), and
4. rebamipide may alleviate human meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and/or dry eye disease.
5. prostaglandin analogues (e.g., bimatoprost or Alphagan): appear not to hurt Meibomian Glands
References:
1. Summary: pilocarpine and timolol cause a dose-dependent decrease in IHMGEC (eg., Meibomian Gland cell) survival. The topical concentrations of these drugs used clinically are toxic and lead to cell atrophy, poor adherence, or death. By contrast, drug levels equivalent to those that reportedly appear within the palpebral conjunctiva after topical application do not influence IHMGEC survival. These latter levels also have no effect on IHMGEC proliferation or differentiation and do not interfere with the ability of AZM to stimulate cellular neutral lipid and lysosome accumulation. The 0.001% dose of pilocarpine, though, does suppress the EGF+BPE-induced proliferation of IHMGECs. Overall, our results support our hypothesis and demonstrate that the antiglaucoma drugs, pilocarpine and timolol, have direct effects on HMGECs, which may affect their morphology, survival, and proliferative capacity. Cornea Influence of Pilocarpine and Timolol on Human Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cells Zhang, Yi MD*,†; Kam, Wendy R. MS†; Liu, Yang MD†; Chen, Xiaomin MD, PhD†; Sullivan, David A. MS, PhD, FARVO†david.sullivan@schepens.harvard.edu).
prostaglandin analogues (e.g., bimatoprost or Alphagan): appear not to hurt Meibomian Glands
Issue: Volume 36(6), June 2017, p 719–724
Copyright: Copyright © 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication Type: [Basic Investigation]
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001181
ISSN: 0277-3740
Accession: 00003226-201706000-00016
Keywords: human meibomian gland epithelial cells, antiglaucoma drugs, pilocarpine, timolol, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease
*Department of Ophthalmology, Western China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China; and
†Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Reprints: David A. Sullivan, MS, PhD, FARVO, Schepens Eye Research Institute, 20 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114 (e-mail:
Supported by NIH grant R01EY05612, the Margaret S. Sinon Scholar in Ocular Surface Research Fund, the Chinese Scholar Council, and the Guoxing Yao Research Fund.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Received December 28, 2016
Received in revised form January 30, 2017
Accepted February 02, 2017
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Fellow of the American Board of Ophthalmology (ABO), Board Examiner and Board Exam Writer with a particular interest in state of the art cataract surgery, laser eye surgeries for myopia, cataract, and glaucoma, and state of the art treatments for dry eye disease. Dr. Cremers trained and taught at Harvard Medical School for close to a decade. She conducted research with Dr. Judah Folkman on the angiogenesis bases of ocular rosacea in search for a cure for the many causes of dry eye disease.
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